The Catholic Encyclopedia

Partial work

Charles G. Herbermann and others (editors)

Work coverage: All fifteen volumes (Aachen to Zwirner, 1907 to 1912), 1,099, 965, 700, 791, 636, 729, 666, 665, 755, 673, 809, 644, 796, 740 and 864 articles. The printed cross-reference stubs ("Abana. See LEBANON."), the plates, maps and figure captions, twenty-three tables (Catholic Missions in the Congo, volume IV; the palaeontological table of the Equidae in Evolution, volume V; in volume VI, the seven statistical tables of French Catholics in the United States and the three of Greek Catholics in America; in volume VII, the third Huron table, Stations of Missionaries in Huronia, 1634-50; in volume VIII, the Japanese Government Budget of 1908-09 (receipts and expenses), the list of the archdioceses and dioceses of Italy, the table of the Italian pharmaceutical service, the revised chronology of the Kings of Juda and Israel on page 657 (the other Chronology tables are set), and the table of Irish-born persons by English county; in volume X, the two-page statistical table of the Catholic missions of the world, pp. 376-377; in volume XII, the table of Catholic charitable institutions in Canada in Care of the Poor by the Church, p. 241; in volume XIII, the table of religious institutes teaching in Ontario (1911) in Schools, p. 565, and the table of English-speaking seminaries throughout the world in Seminary, pp. 700-701), the specimen page of the text of the Summa (Latin facing the English Dominican Fathers' translation, pp. 674-675) and the full-page Chart of the Summa, both in volume XIV's St. Thomas Aquinas, the volumes' front and back matter, and the Errata at the end of volume XV (corrections to all fifteen volumes) are not included. Paragraph numbers are transcription-added locators, printed with a § to say so. This is a 1907-1910 reference work: its scholarship, statistics and ecclesiastical facts are those of its own date.

Edition & AttributionTranscribed from a dated scan; artifacts may remain. Translator, publisher and source details.

Text source: OCR-derived transcription
Translator: None. Written in English by the contributors whose signatures close each article.
Series: The Catholic Encyclopedia, An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church, in fifteen volumes
Editor: Charles G. Herbermann, Edward A. Pace, Condé B. Pallen, Thomas J. Shahan, John J. Wynne
Publisher: Robert Appleton Company, New York
Year: 1907-1912
Revision: Text transcribed from the Internet Archive DjVu XML of the base witness (volume I, IA catholicencyclop0001char; volume II, IA catholicencyclop0002vari; volume III, IA catholicencyclop0003vari; volume IV, IA catholicencyclop0004vari, except four of its pages the scanner blurred or cropped (printed pages 1, 57, 374 and 375), which are taken from the second witness; volume V, IA catholicencyclop0005vari, except six such pages (printed pages 103, 385, 482, 483, 534 and 535), likewise taken from the second witness; volume VI, IA catholicencyclop0006char, whose pages were all usable; volume VII, IA catholicencyclop0007char, likewise; volume IX, IA catholicencyclop0009char, likewise; volume X, IA catholicencyclop0010vari, likewise; volume XI, IA catholicencyclop0011vari, which lacks the leaf carrying printed pages 789 and 790 (Pharao to Phaselis), taken whole from the second witness; volume XII, IA catholicencyclop12char, which likewise lacks the leaf carrying printed pages 522 and 523 (Prussia), taken whole from the second witness, as are printed pages 211 (Poles in the United States) and 405 (Pride), where the base OCR ran a table or a plan into the prose line by line; volume XIII, IA catholicencyclop0013remy, except printed pages 565, 700 and 701, where its OCR ran the two columns together, likewise taken from the second witness; volume XIV, IA catholicencyclop0014char, except printed pages 94 and 96 (the Society of Jesus), whose left columns it scanned too faint to read, likewise taken from the second witness; volume XV, IA catholicencyclop0015vari, whose pages were all usable; every word position comes from it) and collated word by word against a second, independent OCR of a different copy of the same first printing (IA 07470918.1.emory.edu, 07470918.2.emory.edu, 07470918.3.emory.edu, 07470918.4.emory.edu, 07470918.5.emory.edu, 07470918.6.emory.edu, 07470918.7.emory.edu, 07470918.8.emory.edu, 07470918.9.emory.edu, 07470918.10.emory.edu, 07470918.11.emory.edu, 07470918.12.emory.edu, 07470918.13.emory.edu and 07470918.14.emory.edu; for volume XV, whose Emory copy, IA 07470918.55607.emory.edu, is the 1913 reissue of the same plates ("Copyright, 1913 By The Encyclopedia Press"), that copy is the second witness all the same, because the other open first printing was read by the same OCR engine as the base and shares its errors; the base, and so every word position, is the first printing). Where the base OCR skipped a printed line entirely, the line is set from the second scan when the third voter confirms it word for word; a few lines neither scan read, and a few signatures and words the OCR garbled beyond use, are set from the page images. Reading order is rebuilt from word coordinates (two columns, running heads, plates and captions removed). Where the two scans disagree, the reading attested by a scan and by a third voter is taken; that voter is the CCEL Catholic Encyclopedia file, whose own text is the New Advent online edition and is never shipped: it supplies article boundaries and headwords, which are facts of the volume, and it breaks ties between the two scans. Its three bracketed post-1990 "-- Ed." insertions were removed before it was used even as a voter, and none occurs in this text. Article titles are the index headwords; printed articles the index lacks are titled from the print (volume I: Areopagus, Charles du Plessis d'Argentré, Ark, Assize of Clarendon; volume II: St. Austrebertha, University of Avila, St. Benno, Charles-René Billuart, Bogomili, Marcel Bouix; volume III: St. Bruno, Archbishop of Cologne, Capitularies, Diocese of Cava and Sarno, Benvenuto Cellini, Chalcis, Blessed Pierre-Louis-Marie Chanel; volume IV: Jean Croiset; volume V: Thomas Downes, Felix Englefield, Eustathius of Thessalonica, Protestant Confessions of Faith, Society of the Faithful Companions of Jesus; volume VI: Claude Fleury, Abbey of Fontfroide, Fort Augustus Abbey, Friars Minor in America, Stephen Gardiner, Giovanni Battista Gaulli, Charles-Étienne-Arthur Gayarré, Martin Gerbert, The God of Revelation; volume VII: Nicholas Heath, John Rogers Herbert, Hippos, Holland, Hus; volume VIII: Sts. Innocentius, Jacques Jasmin, Joab, Karinthia, Diocese of Krishnagar, Jean-Théodore Lacordaire, Jean de La Haye (Franciscan), Stephen Langton; volume IX: Diocese of Laval, Liber Sextus Decretalium, Sisters of Loretto at the Foot of the Cross, Louis XI, John McCloskey, José Agostinho de Macedo; volume X: Methodius I, Alonso de Molina, Monte Vergine, Venerable John Nepomucene Neumann; volume XII: St. Philip Benizi, Epistle to the Philippians, Galla Placidia, Plymouth Brethren, Diocese of Pontremoli, Francis Porter, Antonin Reginald, Congregation of the Resurrection; volume XIII: Richer, Rufinus Tyrannius, the Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina, the Diocese of Sacramento, the Archdiocese of St. John's, Schwarzburg, Venerable William Maurus Scot, Secret (in Moral Theology), St. Serapion of Thmuis, St. Sigebert; volume XV: Transylvania, the Prefecture Apostolic of Tripoli, Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc, St. Winefride, Worms). Tables whose OCR is scrambled across the columns are set from the page images as lists, one row a line. Volume XIV's index splits Blessed John Shert and Blessed Robert Johnson off as articles of their own; the print sets them as paragraphs of Blessed Thomas Ford, under one signature, and is followed. Volume XV's index splits The Name of Mary off the print's one article on the Blessed Virgin Mary, and the full-page Statistics of the United States off The United States of America; the print is followed in both. Volume VIII's base is IA b33397491_0008 (the Wellcome Library copy, first printing), because the Internet Archive's own scan of that volume is lending-only; thirty-nine of its pages, which its scanner left low in contrast, cropped or shadowed so that the OCR lost lines or line ends, are taken from the second witness (IA 07470918.8.emory.edu, the same printing), each pair matched by eye.
Source: https://archive.org/details/catholicencyclop0001char
Rights: Public Domain
Accessed: 2026-10-26
License: Public domain
Edition: Volumes I to XV, first printing, volumes I and II "Copyright, 1907 By Robert Appleton Company", volumes III and IV "Copyright, 1908 By Robert Appleton Company" and volumes V and VI "Copyright, 1909 By Robert Appleton Company" and volumes VII, VIII and IX "Copyright, 1910 By Robert Appleton Company" and volumes X, XI and XII "Copyright, 1911 By Robert Appleton Company" and volumes XIII, XIV and XV "Copyright, 1912 By Robert Appleton Company", each with the imprimatur of John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York (from volume XIII, John Cardinal Farley) (volume I, title page leaf n10 and copyright page leaf n11 of IA catholicencyclop0001char; volume II, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0002vari; volume III, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0003vari; volume IV, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0004vari; volume V, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0005vari; volume VI, title page leaf n6 and copyright page leaf n7 of IA catholicencyclop0006char, nihil obstat 1 September 1909; volume VII, title page leaf n6 and copyright page leaf n7 of IA catholicencyclop0007char, nihil obstat 1 February 1910; volume VIII, title page leaf n10 and copyright page leaf n11 of IA b33397491_0008 (the Wellcome Library copy), nihil obstat 1 June 1910; volume IX, title page leaf n6 and copyright page leaf n7 of IA catholicencyclop0009char, nihil obstat 1 October 1910; volume X, title page leaf n6 and copyright page leaf n7 of IA catholicencyclop0010vari, nihil obstat 1 February 1911; volume XI, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0011vari, nihil obstat 1 June 1911; volume XII, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop12char, nihil obstat 1 October 1911; volume XIII, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0013remy, nihil obstat 1 February 1912; volume XIV, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0014char, nihil obstat 1 July 1912; volume XV, title page leaf n8 and copyright page leaf n9 of IA catholicencyclop0015vari, nihil obstat 1 October 1912; read by eye). Public domain in the United States as a work published there before 1930.